Ukuqonda Ama-Thermometer Okucindezela, Ukumelana, kanye ne-Fiber Optic

Ukusebenza okuthembekile kwe- I-Transformer Ecwiliswe Kuwoyela Kuncike kakhulu ekuzinzeni kukawoyela wayo wokuvikela ngaphakathi kanye namazinga okushisa ajikelezayo. Ukushisa ngokweqile kuyimbangela eyinhloko yokuguga okusheshayo kokuvikela, ukwehla kokusebenza, futhi ekugcineni, ukwehluleka. Ngakho-ke, ukuqapha izinga lokushisa kungenye yezici eziyisisekelo nezibalulekile zokusebenza nokugcinwa kwe-transformer. Kusukela kuma-dial endabuko kuya ezinhlelweni zesimanje ze-fiber optic ezihlakaniphile, umlando wokuthuthukiswa kwe-thermometer uwukuvela kobuchwepheshe bokuqapha i-transformer kusukela ekubukeni okungenamsebenzi kuya ekuxwayisweni kwangaphambi kwesikhathi okusebenzayo.

 

Lesi sihloko sizochaza ngokuhlelekile izinhlobo ezivamile zama-thermometer asetshenziswa kuma-transformer acwiliswe ngamafutha futhi sinikeze ukuhlaziywa okujulile kwezimiso zawo zokusebenza kanye nezimo zokusetshenziswa.

 

Isahluko 1: "Isihlahla Somndeni" Sama-Thermometer – Ukubheka Ngokuningiliziwe Izinhlobo Ezintathu Eziyinhloko

Ngokusekelwe ezimisweni zokulinganisa kanye nendawo yokufaka, ama-thermometer ama-transformer acwiliswe ku-oyela ahlukaniswe ngokuyinhloko ngezigaba ezintathu ezilandelayo. Ndawonye, ​​zakha inethiwekhi yokuqapha enezinhlangothi ezintathu kusukela ekushiseni okuphezulu kukawoyela kuya ezindaweni ezishisayo ezigoqekayo.

 

1. I-Thermometer Yohlobo Lokucindezela (I-Thermometer Yokufunda Kude)

Isimiso Sokusebenza: Lesi yithuluzi elijwayelekile elisebenzisa imishini elisekelwe ekukhuleni/ekuncipheni kokushisa kanye nokudluliswa komfutho woketshezi/wegesi. Uhlelo luqukethe izingxenye ezintathu:

 

Ibhalbhu Yokushisa (Inzwa): Ifakwa ku-oyela phezulu kwethangi le-transformer, igcwele indawo ezwela ukushisa (isb., uketshezi, igesi, noma uketshezi oluphansi kokubila).

 

Ipayipi le-Capillary: Ipayipi lensimbi elide nelincane elixhumanisa i-bulb nekhanda legeji, eligcwele i-medium edlulisa umfutho.

 

Ikhanda Lokulinganisa (Inkomba): Lifakwe odongeni lwethangi le-transformer noma ikhabhinethi yokulawula, cishe ngamamitha ukusuka kubhalbhu. Ingaphakathi layo yithubhu le-Bourdon - ithubhu lensimbi eligobile nelinwebekayo. Lapho ithubhu lishisa, ushintsho lwengcindezi yangaphakathi ludluliselwa nge-capillary liye kuthubhu le-Bourdon, okubangela ukuba liguquke. Lokhu kuguquguquka kuhambisa inkomba ngendlela yokuxhumanisa, okubonisa izinga lokushisa.

 

Izici Eziyinhloko:

 

Kuyimishini kuphela, akudingi amandla angaphandle, akudingi ukuzivikela okuhle kakhulu ekuphazamisekeni kwe-electromagnetic, futhi kuthembekile kakhulu.

 

Ikhanda legeyiji lingafakwa kude ukuze kube lula ukulifunda endaweni.

 

Ngokuvamile ifakwe oxhumana nabo abangu-1-2 abalungisekayo be-alamu yokushisa okweqile kanye nemisebenzi yokuhamba.

 

Ukunemba kanye nesivinini sokuphendula kuhamba kancane uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlobo ze-elekthronikhi, futhi ithubhu le-capillary lingathinteka kalula yimonakalo womshini.

 

Ukusetshenziswa Okuvamile: Idivayisi yokuqapha eyinhloko kanye ne-alamu yokushisa okuphezulu kukawoyela, isici esicishe sibe yisilinganiso kuzo zonke iziguquli ezicwiliswe kuwoyela.

 

2. Isitholi Sokushisa Sokumelana (RTD, isib., PT100)

Isimiso Sokusebenza: Ngokusekelwe kusakhiwo lapho ukumelana komqhubi kushintsha khona ngokushisa. Isici esivame kakhulu sokuzwa yi-thermometer yokumelana ne-platinum, ene-PT100 ekhombisa ukumelana okungu-100 ohms ku-0°C. Ukumelana kwayo kushintsha ngokunembile nangokuqondile ngokushisa.

 

Izingxenye Zesistimu:

 

I-Platinum RTD Probe: Ifakwe emthonjeni we-thermometer phezulu kwe-transformer, ifakwe emafutheni.

 

Ukulinganisa Ibhuloho Nomthumeli: Ngokuvamile kuhlanganiswa neyunithi yokulawula ehlakaniphile. Ukujikeleza okunembile kulinganisa ukumelana kwe-PT100 bese kuyiguqula ibe isignali yamanje engu-4-20mA ejwayelekile noma isignali yedijithali.

 

Izici Eziyinhloko:

 

Ukunemba okuphezulu kokulinganisa, amasignali angadluliselwa emabangeni amade, ukuzivikela okuhle komsindo.

 

Ukukhipha kuyisignali kagesi ejwayelekile, ehlanganiswe kalula namapulatifomu ezenzakalelayo njenge-SCADA (Ukulawula Ukuphatha Nokuthola Idatha) kanye ne-DCS (Izinhlelo Zokulawula Ezisatshalaliswayo) zokuqapha okukude.

 

Ngokuvamile kufakwa eceleni kwe-thermometer yohlobo lokucindezela, okusebenza njengendlela engadingekile noma enembile kakhulu yokuqapha kude nokurekhoda izinga lokushisa likawoyela.

 

Ukusetshenziswa Okuvamile: Kusetshenziselwa ukudlulisa okukude kanye nokuqapha kwedijithali izinga lokushisa likawoyela ophezulu, okuyitshe lesisekelo leziteshi ezincane zesimanje ezenzakalelayo, ezinganakwa.

 

3. Uhlelo Lokulinganisa Izinga Lokushisa Le-Fiber Optic Winding (Ukulinganisa Okuqondile Okuthuthukisiwe Kakhulu "Kwezindawo Ezishisayo")

Isimiso Sokusebenza: Lobu ubuchwepheshe obuqondile nobuthuthukisiwe kakhulu njengamanje bokuqapha izinga lokushisa eligoqekayo. Busekelwe ku-physics ye-Fiber Bragg Gratings.

 

Inzwa ye-Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG): Ukwehluka okuvamile ku-refractive index (i-grating) kubhalwa engxenyeni ye-fiber ekhethekile ye-optical kusetshenziswa i-laser. Isici sayo esiyinhloko: Ukukhanya kobude be-wavelength ethile (i-Bragg wavelength) kuyabonakaliswa, futhi lobu bude be-wavelength obubonakalayo bushintsha ngokuhambisana nokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa (noma ukucindezeleka) endaweni ye-grating.

 

Inqubo Yokulinganisa: Ikhebula le-fiber optic eliguquguqukayo elifakwe izinzwa eziningi ze-FBG lifakwe ngqo phakathi kwezingqimba zokushisa zama-windings aphezulu ezindaweni ezishisayo ezibikezelwe ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa kwe-transformer. Uhlelo lukhipha ukukhanya kwe-broadband, futhi ngokuhlaziya ubude be-wavelength obuthile obuboniswa kusuka ku-grating ngayinye, lungathola ngokunembile nangesikhathi sangempela izinga lokushisa eliphelele ezindaweni ezahlukene ngaphakathi kwe-winding.

 

Izici Eziyinhloko:

 

Ukulinganisa okuqondile kwezinga lokushisa lendawo eshisayo eligoqekayo, hhayi ukulinganisa okungaqondile. Idatha iyiqiniso kakhulu futhi ithembekile.

 

Iphephile ngaphakathi: I-fiber ye-optical yenziwe nge-silica, ivikela ukushisa, imelana ne-voltage ephezulu, futhi ayithinteki ekuphazamisekeni kwe-electromagnetic, isebenza kahle ezindaweni eziqinile ze-EM.

 

Ukulinganisa okusatshalalisiwe: I-fiber eyodwa ingaba nezindawo eziningi zokuzwa, okwenza kube lula ukuthola imephu ephelele yokushisa yokugoqa.

 

Isihluthulelo esiyinhloko se-transformer "Dynamic Rating" kanye nokuhlolwa kwesikhathi sokuphila.

 

Ukusetshenziswa Okuvamile: Ama-transformer amakhulu, abalulekile (isb., i-EHV, ama-transformer e-converter), iziteshi ezincane ezihlakaniphile ezidinga ukuphathwa kwamandla okulayisha.

 

Isahluko 2: Ukucaciswa Komqondo Oyinhloko - Izinga Lokushisa Eliphezulu Likawoyela vs. Izinga Lokushisa Eligoqekayo

Lona umqondo obalulekile futhi yindawo yokuqala yokukhetha izinhlobo ze-thermometer.

 

Izinga Lokushisa Eliphezulu Likawoyela: Lilinganisa izinga lokushisa likawoyela phezulu kwethangi. Libonisa umthwalo wokushisa ophelele we-transformer kodwa linokulibala kokushisa. Uma umthwalo ushintsha, izinga lokushisa elijikelezayo lishintsha ngokushesha, kulandelwe izinga lokushisa likawoyela. Ama-thermometer ohlobo lokucindezela kanye ne-RTD alinganisa lokhu.

 

Izinga Lokushisa Eligoqekayo: Libhekisela endaweni eshisa kakhulu kuyo yonke i-transformer, evame ukutholakala engxenyeni engenhla ye-low-voltage winding. Liyipharamitha ebaluleke kakhulu enquma izinga lokuguga kwe-insulation kanye nekhono lomthwalo. Izindlela zendabuko azikwazi ukulilinganisa ngqo, kunalokho zithembele ku-Winding Temperature Indicator (WTI) elilingisa/elilinganisayo kusetshenziswa "izinga lokushisa eliphezulu likawoyela + ukulungiswa kwamanje." Ukulinganiswa kwe-fibre optic kuwukuphela kobuchwepheshe obungayilinganisa ngqo nangokunembile.