Izesekeli Ezibalulekile Nezingxenye Zama-Transformers Afakwe E-Pad

Kufanele wazi izesekeli eziyinhloko nezingxenye ezisiza I-Transformer Efakwe EmaphethiniIsebenza ngokuphepha nangokusebenza kahle. Ama-bushing avumela izintambo ukuthi zidlule ebhokisini le-transformer. Ama-tap changer akuvumela ukuthi ulungise amazinga kagesi. Ama-fuse kanye nama-surge arresters avikela ama-transformer afakwe kuma-pad ezinkingeni nasekushayweni kombani. Izinhlelo zokumisa ziqinisekisa ukuphepha kwawo wonke umuntu. Ama-gauge okuqapha, amadivayisi okusiza ukucindezela, kanye nezinkomba zamaphutha kusiza ukuthola izinkinga kusenesikhathi. Izesekeli zemishini zenza ukuhambisa nokufaka ama-transformer afakwe kuma-pad kube lula. Izesekeli ngasinye sibalulekile ukuze ama-transformer afakwe kuma-pad asebenze kahle.

Izinto Ezibalulekile Okufanele Uzicabangele

 

Ama-bushing axhuma izintambo zikagesi eziphezulu neziphansi ngokuphephile. Agcina izingxenye eziphilayo ziphephile othulini nasemanzini. Ama-tap changer asiza ekushintsheni amazinga kagesi uma kudingeka. Lokhu kugcina ugesi uzinzile futhi imishini iphephile. Ama-fuse kanye nama-surge arresters avikela ama-transformer emaphutheni. Aphinde avimbele umonakalo ovela embaneni.Amathuluzi okuqapha afana namafuthaAmageyiji asiza ekuboneni izinkinga kusenesikhathi. Izinkomba zamaphutha nazo ziyasiza ekuvimbeleni ukwehluleka. Ukufakwa kahle kwesisekelo, amabhawodi aqinile, kanye nezixhumi eziphephile kubalulekile. Zenza ama-transformer aphephe futhi kube lula ukuwalungisa.

 

Izingxenye Eziyinhloko Zama-Transformers Afakwe Ku-Pad

Ama-Bushing

Ama-bushing abaluleke kakhulu kuma-transformer afakwe kuma-pad. Ama-bushing ayinhloko axhuma izintambo ze-high-voltage ku-transformer. Ama-bushing esibili axhuma i-transformer ohlangothini lwe-low-voltage. Ama-bushing agcina izingxenye zikagesi ziphephile ngokunikeza ukufudumala nokusekela. Asebenzisa izinto ezikhethekile ukuvimba ugesi ukuthi ungaphumi. Lokhu kusiza ukuvimbela ukushaqeka. Ama-bushing aphinde avimbele uthuli namanzi ukuthi angangeni ku-transformer. Ama-bushing angaphambili amboza izingxenye eziphilayo, ngakho-ke uhlala uphephile lapho usebenza ku-transformer.

 

 

Thepha Abashintshi

Ama-tap changer akuvumela ukuthi ushintshe i-voltage evela ku-transformer yakho. Ama-transformer amaningi afakwe kuma-pad asebenzisa ama-tap changer angaphandle komthwalo. Kufanele ucime i-transformer ngaphambi kokuthi ushintshe i-tap. Ama-tap changer asebenza ngokushintsha inani lama-turns ku-coil eyinhloko. Lokhu kukusiza ukuthi ulawule i-voltage futhi uyigcine izinzile. Ama-tap changer avame ukuba nezikhundla ezi-3, 5, noma ezi-7. Indawo ngayinye ikuvumela ukuthi wenze izinguquko ezincane ku-voltage. Lokhu kusiza ukugcina i-voltage ilungile. Ungabona izilungiselelo ze-tap ku-nameplate ye-transformer. Ukukhetha i-tap efanele kunikeza imishini yakho i-voltage efanele.

Ama-Fuse

Ama-fuse agcina i-transformer yakho iphephile ezinkingeni zikagesi. Ubeka ama-fuse ezinhlangothini zombili ezinama-voltage aphezulu naphansi. Uma ugesi ugeleza kakhulu, i-fuse iyancibilika futhi imise ugesi. Lokhu kuvimbela i-transformer ukuthi ingonakali. Ama-fuse asebenza ngokushesha ukuvimba umlilo nokushisa ngokweqile. Kufanele uhlole ama-fuse njalo bese uwashintsha uma ephephuka. Ukusebenzisa ama-fuse afanele konga imali futhi kugcina i-transformer yakho isebenza kahle. Ama-fuse abaluleke kakhulu ekuphepheni kwe-transformer.

Izibambi Zokukhuphuka

Izithiyo zokuvimba ukukhuphuka kwamandla kagesi zivikela i-transformer yakho ekukhuphukeni kwamandla kagesi. Umbani kanye nokushintsha kungabangela ukuqhuma okukhulu okungazelelwe. Izithiyo zokuvimba ukukhuphuka kwamandla kagesi zisebenzisa izingxenye ezikhethekile ukuze zimunce amandla engeziwe futhi ziwathumele phansi. Lokhu kugcina i-transformer iphephile ekulimaleni. Izifundo zibonisa ukuthi izithiyo zokuvimba ukukhuphuka kwamandla kagesi zisebenza kahle uma ukhetha efanele bese uyifaka kahle. Kufanele ukhethe izithiyo zokuvimba ukukhuphuka kwamandla kagesi ezinezilinganiso okungenani ezingama-20% kune-voltage yakho ephezulu kakhulu. Izithiyo zokuvimba ukukhuphuka kwamandla kagesi zisebenza ngokushesha futhi zingaphatha amandla amaningi. Ukusebenzisa izithiyo zokuvimba ukukhuphuka kwamandla kagesi kunciphisa amathuba okwehluleka kwe-transformer futhi kugcina uhlelo lwakho luphephile.

Icebiso: Hlola njalo isilinganiso kanye nesitifiketi se-surge arrester ngaphambi kokuyifaka. Lokhu kusiza ukuvikela i-transformer yakho efakwe kuma-pad.

Izinhlelo Zokusekela

Uhlelo lokumisa isisekelo lugcina i-transformer yakho iphephile. Usebenzisa izinduku, izintambo, kanye nokubopha ukuthumela amaza amaphutha emhlabeni. Lokhu kugcina abantu bephephile ekushayweni ugesi futhi kususa amaphutha ngokushesha. Kufanele usebenzise izinduku ezimbozwe ngethusi okungenani amamitha angu-8 ubude kanye nentambo yethusi ejiyile. Ukusekela okuhle kugcina ukumelana kuphansi, ngokuvamile ngaphansi kwama-ohm angu-5. Kufanele uhlole futhi uhlole uhlelo lokumisa isisekelo njalo. Lokhu kuvimbela ukugqwala kanye nezintambo ezikhululekile. Uhlelo lokumisa isisekelo oluqinile lusiza i-transformer yakho ukuthi isinde ekukhanyeni futhi igcine amandla eqinile.

 

 

Izesekeli Zokuqapha Nokuphepha

Ama-transformer afakwe kuma-pad adinga amathuluzi akhethekile ukuze ahlale ephephile futhi asebenze kahle. Lawa mathuluzi akusiza ukuthi uthole izinkinga kusenesikhathi. Lokhu kuvimbela ukwehluleka ngaphambi kokuba kwenzeke. Ama-transformer amaningi amasha anezinhlelo zedijithali kanye nezinzwa ezihlakaniphile. Lokhu kukusiza ukuthi uhlole i-transformer ngaso sonke isikhathi. Futhi kukusiza ukuthi ulungise izinto ngaphambi kokuba ziphuke. Lezi zici zikusiza ukuthi ulandele imithetho yokuphepha. Futhi zenza i-transformer yakho ithembeke kakhudlwana.

Isilinganiso Sezinga Lamafutha

Amageyiji ezinga likawoyela akhombisa ukuthi kungakanani uwoyela ngaphakathi kwe-transformer. Kufanele uhlole uwoyela njalo. Uma uwoyela uphansi kakhulu, ama-windings aphilayo angadalulwa. Lokhu kungaphula i-insulation futhi kubangele izinkinga ezinkulu. Uwoyela omningi kakhulu ungenza umfutho wakheke. Lokhu kungalimaza ithangi le-conservator. Ukuhlola igeyiji kuvame ukukusiza ukuthi uthole ukuvuza noma izingxenye eziphukile kusenesikhathi. Amageyiji amaningi asebenzisa omaginethi ukuvimba ukuvuza. Amanye amageyiji ahlakaniphile asebenzisa izinzwa ukubuka uwoyela ngaso sonke isikhathi. Lokhu kukusiza ukuthi unakekele i-transformer futhi umise ukwehluleka. Uma ufunda igeyiji, khumbula ukuthi uwoyela uyashintsha ngokushisa.

 

Amageyiji ezinga likawoyela akusiza ukuthi ubukele uwoyela ngesikhathi sangempela.

Uwoyela ophansi ungenza ukuvikela kuhluleke.

Uwoyela omningi kakhulu ungabangela izinkinga zokucindezeleka.

Ama-Smart gauge akusiza ukuthi unakekele i-transformer.

 

Isilinganiso Sokushisa Kwamafutha

Izikali zokushisa kukawoyela zikusiza ukuthi ubone ukuthi i-transformer ishisa kangakanani. Uma uwoyela ushisa kakhulu, ukufudumala kuyaguga ngokushesha. Qaphela amazinga okushisa aphezulu. Lokhu kungasho ukuthi i-transformer isebenza kanzima kakhulu noma ukupholisa akusebenzi. Izinzwa ze-fiber-optic zinikeza ukufundwa okuhle kakhulu. Azikhathazwa umsindo kagesi. Lezi zinzwa zingathola izindawo ezishisayo ezingatholakali ezinye izikali. Amanye amadivayisi ahlola izinga lokushisa likawoyela, izinga, kanye nengcindezi ndawonye. Lokhu kukunikeza umbono ogcwele wempilo ye-transformer. Uma uthola ukushisa kakhulu kusenesikhathi, ungakulungisa. Lokhu kukusiza ukuthi ugweme ukwehluleka futhi kwenza i-transformer ihlale isikhathi eside.

 

Izikali zokushisa kukawoyela zibonisa ukuthi i-transformer ishisa kangakanani.

Izinzwa ze-fiber-optic zithola izindawo ezishisayo.

Ukuthola izinkinga kusenesikhathi kuyaye kuvimbele ukungasebenzi futhi kusiza i-transformer ukuthi ihlale isikhathi eside.

Ukubuka izinga lokushisa kukusiza ukuthi wazi ukuthi kufanele wenze nini ukulungisa.

 

Isilinganiso Sokugawula Umshini Wokucindezela

Amageyiji okucindezela ahlola ingcindezi engaphakathi kwe-transformer. Uma ingcindezi igxuma phezulu, kukhona okungahambi kahle. Udinga ukuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha uma lokhu kwenzeka. Ukugcina ingcindezi izinzile kugcina ithangi liphephile. Kuma-transformer ethangi avaliwe, lawa mageyiji abaluleke kakhulu. Asiza ekuvimbeleni amanzi nomoya ukungena. Lokhu kuvikela uwoyela kanye ne-transformer. Ochwepheshe bathi kufanele usebenzise la mageyiji ukugcina i-transformer iphephile futhi isebenza kahle.

 

 

Idivayisi Yokusiza Ukucindezeleka

Amadivayisi okusiza ukucindezeleka agcina i-transformer yakho iphephile ekucindezelekeni okukhulu. Uma kukhona okungahambi kahle futhi ukucindezeleka kuphezulu kakhulu, idivayisi iyavuleka. Ikhipha ukucindezeleka okwengeziwe ngokuphephile. Lokhu kuvimbela ithangi ukuthi lingaphuki futhi kunciphisa amathuba omlilo. Kufanele uhlole le divayisi njalo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi iyasebenza. Ama-transformer amaningi asebenzisa amadivayisi asentwasahlobo noma aqhumile. Lawa aqala kabusha ngokwawo ngemva kokusebenza.

Izinkomba Zephutha

Izinkomba zamaphutha zikusiza ukuthi uthole izinkinga ngokushesha. Izinsiza zibeka izinzwa kanye nezinkomba zesekethe ezingalungile kuma-transformer kanye nezintambo. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi inkinga ikuphi. Lokhu kwenza ukulungisa izinto kusheshe futhi kube lula. Izifundo zibonisa ukuthi izinkomba zamaphutha zinganciphisa izikhathi zokungasebenzi ngamaphesenti angaphezu kuka-20%. Zingenza futhi ama-patrol asheshe ngo-65%. Ungaxhuma lezi zinzwa ezinhlelweni zedijithali ukuze kulungiswe ngokushesha. Ezinye izinkomba ezithuthukisiwe zibuka izinga lokushisa, amagesi, impilo ye-bushing, kanye nomswakama. Ziphinde zihlole ezinye izinkinga. Lawa mathuluzi akusiza ukuthi umise ukwehluleka futhi ugcine i-transformer isebenza kahle.

 

Izinkomba zamaphutha zikusiza ukuthi uthole izinkinga ngokushesha.

Izinzwa zikuxwayisa kusenesikhathi ngenkinga.

Ukubuka ama-bushings kanye nomswakama kuvimbela izinkinga zokuvikela.

Izinhlelo zedijithali ziyakusiza ukulungisa izinto ngaphambi kokuba ziphuke.

 

Izesekeli Zomshini Nokuphatha

Ama-Lug Okuphakamisa

Ama-lug okuphakamisa akusiza ukuthi uhambise i-transformer ngokuphephile. Lawa ama-loops ensimbi aqinile phezulu noma emaceleni. Usebenzisa ama-lifting hook noma ama-sling ngalezi zi-lug. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uphakamise i-transformer nge-crane. Ama-lug okuphakamisa agcina i-transformer izinzile uma uyihambisa. Aphinde asize ekuvimbeleni umonakalo ethangini noma ezingxenyeni zangaphakathi. Sebenzisa amathuluzi afanele njalo futhi ulandele imikhawulo yesisindo kuma-lug.

Amabholthi Okubanjwa Ekhanda Le-Penta

Amabholthi okubamba i-Penta-head asiza ukugcina i-transformer yakho iphephile ekuphazamisekeni. Lawa mabholthi anekhanda elikhethekile elinamacala amahlanu. Amathuluzi akhethekile kuphela angawavula. Ama-wrench avamile noma ama-plier ngeke asebenze. Lokhu kugcina abantu ngaphandle kwemvume bengaphandle kwe-transformer. Nazi ezinye izinto ezibalulekile ngamabholthi okubamba i-penta-head:

 

Gcina ama-compartment e-transformer ekhiyiwe ukuze kungene abasebenzi abaqeqeshwe kuphela.

Umklamo ongakwazi ukuphazanyiswa uyabavimba abantu abangenazo amathuluzi afanele.

Vikela izingxenye zikagesi eziphilayo ngaphakathi kwamakhabethe akhiyiwe.

Nciphisa ingozi yokucekelwa phansi kanye nezingozi.

Hlangana nemithetho yokuphepha ezindaweni zomphakathi.

 

Kufanele uhlale uhlola ukuthi lawa mabholithi aqinile futhi awaphukile. Abaluleke kakhulu ekuphepheni kwe-transformer.

Izibambo Ezixhumene

Izibambo ezixhumene zenza i-transformer yakho iphephe nakakhulu. Lezi zibambo zinesistimu yokukhiya. Awukwazi ukuvula indawo ngaphandle kokuthi wenze izinyathelo ezifanele. Lokhu kukuvimbela ekuvuleni i-transformer uma ivuliwe. Izibambo ezixhumene kusiza ekumiseni izingozi futhi kukugcine uphephile ngesikhathi sokulungisa. Izesekeli eziningi ezintsha zinalesi sici sokuphepha.

 

 

Izesekeli Zokuxhuma Nokufaka

Izixhumi ze-Elbow eziphula umthwalo

Izixhumi zendololwane eziphula umthwalo zikuvumela ukuthi uxhume noma unqamule izintambo ngokuphephile. Ungakwenza lokhu ngenkathi i-transformer isasebenza. Lezi zixhumi zingaphatha ama-amps angu-200 wamandla kagesi. Umklamo ongaphambili ofana ne-dead-front umboza izingxenye eziphilayo, ngakho-ke ungazithinti ngephutha. Ngaphakathi, amathiphu e-ceramic probe asiza ukumisa ama-arcs uma unqamula ngaphansi komthwalo. Lokhu kwenza ukusebenza ku-transformer kube okuphephile. Ungasebenzisa i-hot stick ukusebenza nalezi zixhumi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi awudingi ukuvala lonke uhlelo. Ezinye izixhumi zinezindawo zokuhlola. Ungahlola i-voltage ngaphambi kokuthi uqale ukusebenza. Lezi zixhumi zisebenza kahle ezindaweni ezimanzi noma ezimazombezombe. Azigqwali futhi azigcini amanzi ngaphandle. Njalo qiniseka ukuthi izixhumi zakho zihlangabezana nemithetho ye-IEEE 386 yokuphepha.

 

Ungaxhuma noma umise ama-amps afinyelela ku-200.

Umklamo oqondile ugcina uphephile.

Ungasebenzisa i-hot stick emsebenzini obukhoma.

Lezi zixhumi azigqwali futhi zingangena ngaphansi kwamanzi.

 

Ukufakwa Kwezinsika

Ama-bushing inserts akusiza ukuthi uhlanganise izixhumi ze-elbow kuma-transformer bushings. Anengxenye yethusi eqinile enezintambo kanye nesimo se-hex ukuze kube lula ukuyisebenzisa. I-insulation yenziwe ngerabha ye-EPDM, egcina izinto ziphephile. I-insert ngayinye ine-arc snuffer ekugcineni ukuze imise ama-arcs uma uphula umthwalo. Kumelwe usebenzise inani elifanele lamandla uma uwafaka. Sebenzisa okungenani ama-17 ft. lbs kuma-stud ethusi. Amathiphu anemibala ukukhombisa isigaba se-voltage. Uma udinga amandla amaningi, sebenzisa ama-bushings e-deadbreak angu-600 amp. Ithebula elingezansi libonisa izici eziyinhloko:

 

 

Ukuphela Kwekhebula

Iziphetho zekhebula zihlanganisa izintambo zakho ne-transformer efakwe kuma-pad. Kumelwe usekele izintambo ukuze zingadonsi ama-bushing. Sebenzisa ama-lug afakwe ku-UL afanela izintambo zakho. Hlanza zonke izindawo zokuthintana ngaphambi kokuba uzixhume. Qinisa amabhawodi ezingeni elifanele bese uwahlola ngemva kwesikhathi esithile. Ungazigobi kakhulu izintambo. Shiya ukuxega okuncane ukuze zikwazi ukuhamba. Vala iziphetho zekhebula ukuze amanzi angangeni, ikakhulukazi ngaphandle. Ithebula elingezansi libala izinkinga nokuthi ungazilungisa kanjani:

 

 

Amakamelo Okuhlangana

Ama-junction compartment akunikeza indawo ephephile yokuxhuma amakhebula. Ungawasebenzisa ukuhlanganisa amakhebula amaningi noma ukuthepha ku-transformer. Agcina amakhebula ecocekile futhi ephephile esimweni sezulu noma kubantu. Sebenzisa ama-bracket ukuze ubambe i-transformer ingashintshi ephedi. Njalo sekela amakhebula ngaphakathi ukuze angadonsi ama-bushings noma ama-terminal. Faka amalebula kuma-compartment ukuze uthole amakhebula ngokushesha uma udinga ukulungisa okuthile.

Amaphedi Aphansi Namabhande

Ama-ground pad nama-strap agcina wena nemishini yakho niphephile ekushaqekeni. Kufanele usebenzise okungenani ama-ground lug amabili ku-transformer ngayinye efakwe kuma-pad. Ama-lug axhuma ithangi phansi, ukuze ama-fault currents asuke ngokuphephile. Uma usebenzisa isevisi ye-delta yesigaba esithathu, susa i-copper strap ku-neutral spade uma kudingeka. Njalo beka amalebula esixwayiso ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwe-transformer. Beka i-transformer okungenani amamitha ayi-10 ukusuka ezakhiweni. Sebenzisa ama-bollard uma izimoto ziseduze. Xhuma izintambo eziphumayo ezivela ema-bushings nasezindololwaneni endaweni yethangi ukuze ugcine izinto ziphephile. Gqoka izimpahla zokuphepha ezifanele uma usebenza ngezintambo ezivulekile noma ama-bushings.

 

Sebenzisa izikulufo ezimbili noma ngaphezulu ukuze uphephe.

Ama-transformer anelebula ukuze axwayise ngengozi.

Gcina ama-transformer kude nezakhiwo futhi uwavikele ezimotweni.

Xhuma izintambo eziphuma amanzi ukuze ukuvikela inhlabathi.

 

Ukuthuthukiswa Ongakukhetha kwe-Pad Mounted Transformer

Isesekeli se-SCADA

Ungangeza izesekeli ze-SCADA ku-transformer yakho efakwe kuma-pad. I-SCADA isho Ukulawulwa Kokuphatha kanye Nokutholwa Kwedatha. Lawa mathuluzi akusiza ukuthi ubuke futhi ulawule i-transformer yakho usuka kude. Izinkampani zikagesi zithi izesekeli ze-SCADA zinikeza izinto eziningi ezinhle:

 

Ungabona ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngokushesha, ngakho uthola ukulahlekelwa ngokushesha.

Uthola izixwayiso kusenesikhathi uma i-transformer yakho isicishe igcwele noma ingase yehluleke.

Ungathola amaphutha esigabeni ngasinye ngaphandle kwezinkomba ezengeziwe zamaphutha.

Ungasebenzisa i-logic ehlakaniphile ukwenza izinhlelo zakho zokulawula.

Uyonga isikhathi lapho usetha ngoba isofthiwe ilula.

Ungathola ukuthi amaphutha akuphi bese uhlola ukuhamba komthwalo ngamarekhodi emicimbi.

Izesekeli ze-SCADA zisebenza kahle ngisho noma isimo sezulu sibi.

 

 

Amamojula Okuxhumana Okude

Amamojula okuxhumana akude akuvumela ukuthi uhlole futhi ulawule i-transformer yakho usuka kude. Lawa mamojula asebenza nezinhlelo zegridi ezihlakaniphile kanye ne-Advanced Metering Infrastructure. Ungaqoqa idatha ukusiza ukwenza igridi ibe ngcono futhi ulungise izinkinga. Kumaphrojekthi edolobha elihlakaniphile, ama-transformer analawa mamojula angathola amaphutha futhi abuke ikhwalithi yamandla kahle. Uthola ukusebenza okuzinzile kanye nokulawulwa kwegridi okungcono. Lawa mamojula asiza i-transformer yakho ukuthi isebenze kahle nsuku zonke.

 

Izici Zokuvikela Imvelo

Udinga izici zokuvikela imvelo eziqinile uma uhlala lapho isimo sezulu sibi khona. Lezi zici zigcina i-transformer yakho iphephile ezikhukhuleni, ekugqwaleni, nasembaneni. Ithebula elingezansi libonisa ukuthi yini okufanele uyibheke: