Amandla Elanga Agxilile (i-CSP): Ubuchwepheshe Bamandla Elanga Obuhlukile Ngaphandle Kwe-Photovoltaics

1. Isingeniso ku-CSP: Ushintsho Lwepharadayimu Emandleni Elanga​

 

Amandla Elanga Agxilile (i-CSP) amelela indlela yokuguqula ukusebenzisa amandla elanga, ehlukile ezinhlelweni ze-photovoltaic (i-PV) zendabuko. Ngokungafani ne-PV, eguqula ngqo ukukhanya kwelanga kube ugesi isebenzisa izinto ze-semiconductor, i-CSP isebenzisa izibuko noma amalensi ukugxila ukukhanya kwelanga ku-receiver, ikhiqize ukushisa okuqhuba umjikelezo we-thermodynamic ukukhiqiza ugesi. Leli khono lokugcina amandla okushisa (i-TES) livumela izitshalo ze-CSP ukuthi zikhiqize amandla angasetshenziswa ngisho nasebusuku noma ezimweni ezinamafu, okubhekana nomkhawulo obalulekile wezinhlelo ze-PV.

 

Kwa-JZP Energy Innovations, siqaphela i-CSP njengesisekelo senhlanganisela yamandla yesikhathi esizayo, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinemisebe ephezulu yelanga. Imizamo yethu ye-R&D igxile ekuthuthukiseni ubuchwepheshe be-CSP ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle, ukunciphisa izindleko, nokuhlanganiswa kalula nezinhlelo zamandla ezihlanganisiwe.

 

2. Ubuchwepheshe Obuyinhloko ku-CSP: Kusukela Ku-Linear kuya Ku-Tower Systems​

 

Izinhlelo ze-CSP zihlukaniswa ngezindlela zazo zokuhlushwa kwe-optical kanye nemiklamo yokwamukela:

 

1. a) Abaqoqi Bombhobho Wemifanekiso (PTC)​

 

Ubuchwepheshe be-CSP obuvuthiwe kakhulu, i-PTC isebenzisa izibuko eziqondile ze-parabolic ukugxila ukukhanya kwelanga epayipini lokwamukela eliqukethe uketshezi lokudlulisa ukushisa (i-HTF), njengosawoti oncibilikisiwe. Izinhlelo ze-PTC ezisebenza emazingeni okushisa afinyelela ku-400°C, zilungele ukucushwa kwe-hybrid ngezitshalo zegesi yemvelo, okuvumela ukukhiqizwa kwamandla omthwalo wesisekelo.

 

1. b) Imibhoshongo Yamandla Elanga (i-SPT)​

 

I-SPT isebenzisa uhla lwe-heliostats (izibuko zokulandelela) ukuze igxilise ukukhanya kwelanga ku-receiver ephakathi phezulu kombhoshongo. Njengoba izilinganiso zokuhlushwa zidlula i-1,000×, i-SPT ifinyelela amazinga okushisa okwamukela angu-500–1,000°C, okuvumela ukusebenza kahle kwe-thermodynamic okuphezulu kanye nokuhambisana nemijikelezo yamandla ethuthukisiwe njenge-supercritical CO₂ turbines.

 

1. c) Ama-Reflectors e-Linear Fresnel (LFR)​

 

Izinhlelo ze-LFR zisebenzisa izibuko ezisicaba ezihlelwe ngezigaba eziqondile ukuze kuncishiswe izindleko zemali ngenkathi kugcinwa ukusebenza kahle. Umklamo wazo we-modular ufanelana nezicelo ezihlukanisiwe, njengokushisa kwenqubo yezimboni noma ukukhipha usawoti emanzini.

 

1. d) Izinhlelo Zokuxubha Izitsha​

 

Izinhlelo zezitsha zisebenzisa izitsha ezingokomfanekiso ukuze zigxilise ukukhanya kwelanga ku-receiver exhunywe enjinini ye-Stirling, zifinyelela ukusebenza kahle okurekhodiwe okungu-31–32%. Lezi zinhlelo zivelele ekukhiqizweni okusabalele, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezikude.

 

3. Izinzuzo Zokuncintisana ze-CSP Ngaphezu kwe-Photovoltaics​

 

Nakuba i-PV ibusa izimakethe zokuhlala nezentengiselwano, i-CSP inikeza izinzuzo eziyingqayizivele:

 

1. a) Ukuhlanganiswa Kwesitoreji Samandla​

 

Izinhlelo ze-TES ze-CSP, ezivame ukusebenzisa usawoti oncibilikisiwe, zivumela amahora angu-6-12 amandla angasetshenziswa. Isibonelo, amaphrojekthi e-JZP e-hybrid CSP-PV eMpumalanga Ephakathi asebenzisa isitoreji sikasawoti oncibilikisiwe samahora angu-8 ukuze kuqiniswe ukuphakelwa kwegridi ngesikhathi sokufunwa okuphezulu.

 

1. b) Izicelo Zokushisa Okuphezulu​

 

Ikhono le-CSP lokukhiqiza ukushisa okungaphezu kuka-500°C lenza lifanelekele ukususwa kwe-carbonization yezimboni. I-JZP iqhuba uhlelo lokuguqula umusi oluqhutshwa yi-CSP ukuze kukhiqizwe i-hydrogen, okunciphisa ukuthembela kumafutha asetshenziswa kudala.

 

1. c) Amandla Okuhlanganisa​

 

Izitshalo ze-CSP zingasebenza ngokubambisana negesi yemvelo noma i-biomass, okwandisa ukuguquguquka. EMorocco, isikhungo se-CSP se-JZP sihlanganisa i-biogas ukuze kufezwe imisebenzi engama-24/7, okunciphisa ukuncishiswa.

 

4. Izinselele kanye Nokusungula Izinto Ezintsha e-JZP​
5. a) Ukunciphisa Izindleko​

 

Izindleko zikagesi ezilinganisiwe ze-CSP (LCOE) zehle zisuka ku-$0.36/kWh ngo-2010 zaya ku-$0.11/kWh ngo-2023, ngenxa yentuthuko ekuqondeni kwesibuko kanye nokuqina kokwamukela. Ubuchwepheshe be-JZP bokumboza isibuko obunelungelo lobunikazi bunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kokukhanya ngo-15%, okunciphisa izindleko kakhulu.

 

1. b) Ukwanda Kwezindawo Ezingashisi​

 

I-CSP iyachuma ezindaweni zasehlane, kodwa izinselele ezifana nokuguguleka kwesihlabathi ziyaqhubeka. Izembozo zokwamukela i-JZP zokulwa nokugqwala kanye nezinhlelo zokuhlanza izibuko ezizenzakalelayo zibhekana nalezi zinkinga, ziqinisekisa ukusebenza isikhathi esingu-95% ezindaweni ezishisayo.

 

1. c) Ukuhlanganiswa kweGridi​

 

Ukusatshalaliswa kwe-CSP kuhambisana nemigomo yamandla avuselelekayo. Imodeli ye-JZP ethi “CSP-as-a-Service” inikeza izixazululo zokugcina ezingasetshenziswa ukukhulisa amandla, ilinganisela amandla avuselelekayo ngezikhathi ezithile njengomoya kanye ne-PV.

 

5. Umbono Wesikhathi Esizayo: I-CSP Ezweni Elingenawo Umkhawulo

 

Ngo-2050, i-CSP ingahlinzeka ngo-25% kagesi womhlaba wonke, kanye namaphrojekthi eNyakatho Afrika kanye ne-US Southwest ehamba phambili ekusetshenzisweni. I-JZP iyiphayona eliholayo ekuqiniseni indima ye-CSP:

 

Ama-Receiver Asekelwe Kuzinhlayiya: Ukufaka usawoti oncibilikisiwe ngezinhlayiya ze-ceramic esikhundleni sikasawoti oncibilikisiwe kwenza ukusebenza kwe-1,000°C, okwandisa ukusebenza kahle komjikelezo kube ngu-50%.

 

Amafutha Elanga Ahlanganisiwe: Ukushisa okukhiqizwa yi-CSP kusetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza amafutha e-hydrogen aluhlaza kanye nawokwenziwa, okunikeza izixazululo zokugcina amandla zesizini.

 

Imisebenzi Elungiselelwe I-AI: Ama-algorithms okufunda komshini athuthukisa ukulandelela kwe-heliostat kanye nokugcinwa kokushisa, andise umkhiqizo ngenkathi enciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi.

 

6. Isiphetho​

 

Amandla Elanga Agxilile adlula imikhawulo ye-photovoltaics ngokuhlanganisa ukusabalala, isitoreji, kanye nokusebenza kwezimboni. Kwa-JZP Energy Innovations, sizibophezele ekuthuthukiseni i-CSP ngocwaningo olusezingeni eliphezulu kanye nokuthuthukiswa, ukuqinisekisa indima yayo ebalulekile ekuguqukeleni emhlabeni wonke emandleni azinzile.

 

Joyina nathi ekwakheni ikusasa lamandla eliqhakazile neliqinile.