Isingeniso esifushane se-transformer conservator

I-conservator iyithuluzi lokugcina uwoyela elisetshenziswa ku-transformer. Umsebenzi wayo ukwandisa uwoyela ethangini likawoyela lapho izinga lokushisa likawoyela likhuphuka ngenxa yokwanda komthwalo we-transformer. Ngalesi sikhathi, uwoyela omningi kakhulu uzogeleza ungene ku-conservator. Ngokuphambene nalokho, lapho izinga lokushisa lehla, uwoyela ose-conservator uzogeleza ungene ethangini likawoyela futhi ukuze ulungise ngokuzenzakalelayo izinga likawoyela, okungukuthi, i-conservator idlala indima yokugcina uwoyela kanye nokugcwalisa uwoyela, okungaqinisekisa ukuthi ithangi likawoyela ligcwele uwoyela. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, njengoba i-conservator kawoyela ifakwe, indawo yokuxhumana phakathi kwe-transformer nomoya iyancishiswa, futhi umswakama, uthuli kanye nokungcola kwamafutha okufakwe emoyeni kufakwa ku-precipitator phansi kwe-conservator kawoyela, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphisa kakhulu ijubane lokuwohloka kwamafutha e-transformer.

Isakhiwo se-oil conservator: umzimba oyinhloko we-oil conservator yisitsha esiyisilinda esihlanganiswe ngamapuleti ensimbi, futhi ivolumu yaso icishe ibe yi-10% yomthamo wethangi likawoyela. I-conservator ifakwe ngokuvundlile phezulu kwethangi likawoyela. Amafutha angaphakathi axhunywe nethangi likawoyela le-transformer ngepayipi elixhumanisayo le-gas relay, ukuze izinga likawoyela likhuphuke futhi lehle ngokukhululeka ngokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, izinga likawoyela eliphansi kakhulu ku-oil conservator kufanele libe phezulu kunesihlalo esiphakanyisiwe se-high-pressure casing. Kwi-casing enesakhiwo esixhunyiwe, izinga likawoyela eliphansi kakhulu ku-oil conservator kufanele libe phezulu kune-casing. I-glass level oil gauge (noma i-oil level gauge) ifakwe eceleni kwe-oil conservator ukuze kubonwe ushintsho lwezinga likawoyela ku-conservator nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.

Uhlobo lwe-conservator ye-transformer
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu ze-transformer conservator: uhlobo oluhlanganisiwe, uhlobo lwe-capsule kanye nohlobo lwe-diaphragm.
1. I-conservator yamafutha ohlobo lwe-capsule ihlukanisa uwoyela we-transformer nomoya wangaphandle one-capsules zerabha ngaphakathi, futhi inikeza uwoyela we-transformer isikhala sokukhulisa ukushisa kanye nokuncipha kokubanda.

2. I-conservator yohlobo lwe-diaphragm isetshenziselwa ukuhlukanisa uwoyela we-transformer nomoya wangaphandle nge-diaphragm yerabha futhi inikeze isikhala sokwanda kokushisa kanye nokufinyela okubandayo kwamafutha we-transformer.

3. I-corrugated oil conservator iyi-metal expander eyakhiwe ngamashidi ensimbi ahlanganisiwe ukuze ihlukanise uwoyela we-transformer nomoya wangaphandle futhi inikeze isikhala sokwanda kokushisa kanye nokufinyela okubandayo kwamafutha e-transformer. I-corrugated oil conservator ihlukaniswe phakathi kwe-internal oil conservator kanye ne-external oil conservator. I-internal oil conservator isebenza kangcono kodwa inomthamo omkhulu.

Ukuvalwa kwe-transformer conservator
Uhlobo lokuqala luyi-conservator yamafutha evulekile (engavaliwe), lapho uwoyela we-transformer uxhunyaniswe ngqo nomoya wangaphandle. Uhlobo lwesibili luyi-conservator yamafutha e-capsule, eye yancishiswa kancane kancane ekusetshenzisweni ngoba i-capsule kulula ukuyiguga nokuqhekeka futhi isebenza kabi ekuvaleni. Uhlobo lwesithathu luyi-conservator yamafutha yohlobo lwe-diaphragm, eyenziwe ngezendlalelo ezimbili zendwangu ye-nylon enobukhulu obungu-0.26rallr-0.35raln, ene-neoprene eboshwe phakathi kanye ne-cyanogen butadiene embozwe ngaphandle. Kodwa-ke, inezidingo eziphakeme zekhwalithi yokufaka kanye nenqubo yokulungisa, futhi umphumela wayo wokusetshenziswa awulungile, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuvuza kwamafutha kanye nezingxenye zerabha ezigugile, okuthinta ukuphepha, ukuthembeka kanye nokukhiqizwa kwamandla okuphucukile. Ngakho-ke, nayo iyancishiswa kancane kancane. Uhlobo lwesine luyi-conservator yamafutha esebenzisa izinto ze-elastic zensimbi njengezihlanganisi, ezingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili: uhlobo lwamafutha angaphandle kanye nohlobo lwamafutha angaphakathi. I-conservator yamafutha angaphakathi aqondile isebenzisa amapayipi ahlanganisiwe njengesitsha samafutha. Ngokwenani lamafutha akhokhelwayo, ipayipi elilodwa noma ngaphezulu elihlanganisiwe lisetshenziselwa ukubeka amapayipi kawoyela ku-chassis ngokuhambisana nangokuqondile. Isembozo sothuli sengezwa ngaphandle. Umthamo wamafutha okuvikela uhlanganiswa ngokuhambisa amapayipi ahlanganisiwe phezulu naphansi. Ukubukeka kuyisikwele kakhulu. I-conservator yamafutha evundlile yangaphandle ibekwa ngokuvundlile kusilinda se-conservator yamafutha enezimbobo njengesikhwama somoya. Uwoyela ovikelayo uqukethwe phakathi kohlangothi lwangaphandle lwezimbobo kanye nesilinda, kanti umoya osezimbobo uxhunyaniswa nengaphandle. Umthamo wangaphakathi we-conservator yamafutha ushintshwa ukwanda nokufinyela kwezimbobo ukuze kutholakale isinxephezelo somthamo wamafutha okuvikela. Isimo sangaphandle siyisilinda esivundlile:

1. I-oil conservator (conservator) noma i-transformer iron barrel oil tank evulekile enomthamo omncane iyona yokuqala, okungukuthi, ithangi likawoyela elixhunywe nomoya wangaphandle lisetshenziswa njenge-oil conservator. Ngenxa yokuthi alivalwanga, i-insulating oil kulula ukuyi-oxidized futhi ithintwe umswakama. Ngemva kokusebenza isikhathi eside, ikhwalithi kawoyela we-transformer ifakwa umoya-mpilo, futhi amanzi amancane nomoya kawoyela we-transformer owonakele udlula kakhulu izinga, okubangela usongo olukhulu ekusebenzeni okuphephile, okunomnotho nokuthembekile kwe-transformer, Okunciphisa kakhulu ukuphepha kwe-transformer kanye nokuphila kwenkonzo kawoyela we-insulating. Njengamanje, lolu hlobo lwe-oil conservator (conservator) lususwa ngokuyisisekelo, olungabonakali kakhulu emakethe, noma olusetshenziswa kuphela kuma-transformer anamazinga aphansi e-voltage.

2. I-capsule type oil conservator i-capsule type oil conservator iyisikhwama se-capsule se-nylon esimelana namafutha esifakwe ngaphakathi kwe-conservator yamafutha yendabuko. Ihlukanisa uwoyela we-transformer emzimbeni we-transformer emoyeni: njengoba izinga lokushisa likawoyela ku-transformer likhuphuka futhi lehla, liyaphefumula. Lapho umthamo kawoyela ushintsha, kuba nesikhala esanele: isimiso sayo sokusebenza ukuthi igesi esikhwameni se-capsule ixhunyaniswe nomoya ngepayipi lokuphefumula kanye ne-moisture absorber. Iphansi lesikhwama se-capsule liseduze nezinga likawoyela le-conservator yamafutha. Lapho izinga likawoyela lishintsha, isikhwama se-capsule sizokhula noma sicindezele: ngoba isikhwama senjoloba singaqhekeka ngenxa yezinkinga zezinto ezibonakalayo, umoya namanzi kuzongena ku-oyela bese kungena ethangini likawoyela we-transformer, okuholela ekukhuleni kokuqukethwe kwamanzi ku-oyela. Ukusebenza kokushisa kuyancipha futhi ukulahleka kwe-dielectric kawoyela kuyanda, okusheshisa inqubo yokuguga kawoyela we-insulation: ngakho-ke, izinhlayiya zerabha ze-silicone ze-transformer zidinga ukushintshwa. Lapho isimo sokuhlanza sibucayi, i-transformer idinga ukuphoqeleka ukuhlunga uwoyela noma ukunqamula ugesi ukuze ilungiswe.

3. I-diaphragm oil conservator ehlukanisiwe ixazulula ezinye izinkinga zohlobo lwe-capsule, kodwa inkinga yekhwalithi yezinto zerabha kunzima ukuyixazulula, ngakho-ke izinkinga zekhwalithi zingase zivele lapho zisebenza, okusongela ukusebenza okuphephile kwe- Ama-Power Transformers. 4 ubuchwepheshe obusetshenziswa yi-metal corrugated (i-inner oil) sealed oil conservator buvuthiwe, Ukwandiswa nokwandiswa kobuchwepheshe be-elastic element - sheet metal expander ye-transformer, ebilokhu isetshenziswa kabanzi ohlelweni lwamandla iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20, futhi iwukugcwalisa i-elastic element ngowoyela we-transformer bese ivumela i-core yayo ukuthi ikhule futhi inciphe phezulu naphansi ukuze ibuyisele inani lamafutha. I-internal oil conservator iyi-core ezimbili (1 cr18nigti) eyakhiwe ngepayipi lokukhipha i-vacuum, ipayipi lokujova uwoyela, inkomba yezinga lamafutha, ipayipi lokuxhuma eliguquguqukayo kanye nonyawo lwekhabhinethi. Yenziwe ngensimbi engagqwali enokumelana nokugqwala komoya kanye nokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, engahlangabezana nokuphila kohambo olungaphezu kuka-20000 lokuzungeza. I-core iya phezulu naphansi ngokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa lamafutha we-transformer futhi ivumela ngokuzenzakalelayo ushintsho lwevolumu yamafutha we-transformer.

(1) Kufakwe i-damper yedivayisi yokuvikela ingcindezi emgodini wangaphakathi we-core, okungabambezela umthelela ekhabetheni lokugcina uwoyela obangelwa ukwanda okungazelelwe kwengcindezi kawoyela ku-transformer. Lapho umkhawulo we-core ufinyelelwe, i-core izophuka, futhi umzimba we-transformer uzovikelwa ukukhululeka kwengcindezi, ngaleyo ndlela kwandiswe ukuthembeka kokusebenza kwe-transformer. Lo msebenzi awutholakali kwamanye ama-conservators.

(2) Ingaphakathi lakhiwe nge-core eyodwa noma ngaphezulu, enesembozo esivikelayo ngaphandle. Ingaphandle lengaphakathi lixhunywe emoyeni, elinomphumela omuhle wokushabalalisa ukushisa kanye nokuphefumula, lingasheshisa ukujikeleza kukawoyela we-transformer, linciphise izinga lokushisa likawoyela ku-transformer, futhi lithuthukise ukuthembeka kokusebenza kwe-transformer.

(3) Isibonakaliso sezinga likawoyela siyafana nesandisi sensimbi yeshidi se-transformer. Ngokukhula nokufinyela kwengaphakathi, ibhodi lesikhombisi nalo liyaphakama noma liwe kanye nengaphakathi. Ukuzwela kuphezulu, futhi ushintsho lwezinga likawoyela lungabonakala ngefasitela lokubuka elifakwe ekhava elingaphandle elivikelayo, eliqondakala kalula futhi elithembekile. Idivayisi ye-alamu kanye neswishi yobubanzi bokuqapha izinga likawoyela kufakwe kuvolumu evikelayo yangaphandle, engahlangabezana nezidingo zokusebenza okunganakwa.

(4) Akukho mkhuba wezinga likawoyela elingamanga: izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-conservator kawoyela asebenzayo azikwazi ukukhipha umoya ngokuphelele, okungase kubangele izinga likawoyela elingamanga. Okwesibili, ubuchwepheshe bunokuzwela okuphezulu ngenxa yokuthi ingaphakathi lihamba nge-telescoping phezulu naphansi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunepuleti lensimbi elilinganiselayo enkabeni, elikhiqiza ingcindezi encane, ukuze umoya ongaphakathi uphele kahle kuze kube yilapho umoya uphela ngokuphelele futhi ufinyelele ezingeni likawoyela elidingekayo, ngaleyo ndlela kuqedwe izinga likawoyela elingamanga.

(5) Ithangi likawoyela lokushintsha impompi yomthwalo akufanele lisebenzise i-expander yensimbi ehlanganisiwe eshintsha impompi yomthwalo njengengxenye ebalulekile ye-transformer. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwayo, idinga ukulungisa i-voltage njalo ngokuya ngesimo somthwalo. Okwesibili, ngoba i-arc izokhiqizwa ngokungenakugwenywa ngesikhathi senqubo yokulungisa futhi kuzokhiqizwa igesi ethile, enqunyelwe yivolumu ye-expander yensimbi ehlanganisiwe egcwele, engavumeli ukukhishwa kwegesi ekhiqizwa ukubola kukawoyela, Kubalulekile ukuthumela abantu endaweni ukuze bakhiphe ugesi njalo. Umenzi noma umsebenzisi abakhuthazi ukuthi i-conservator encane kawoyela enesi-expander yempompi yomthwalo ephelele kufanele isebenzise i-expander yensimbi ehlanganisiwe egcwele: